Scars of Sethe and Paul D in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay -- Toni Mor

The Scars of Sethe and Paul D in Beloved Scars are undoubtably an incredible means of storytelling in Beloved. No matter how a person changes or what happens to them, these attach are another bit of tangible history, following each of them wherever they may go. These physical characteristics are what one can believe in, more than what is verbalize or written. When written and oral language can many times not be trusted, physical characteristics provide another more certain cook of communication--one that cannot be biased or altered. People not only know the identity of someone by knowing their scars, but each scar tells a story of what a person has gone through. Sethes back and the scars caused by her beating are important in the story in terms of telling a story of what shes been through, providing a way in which she and some of the other characters may connect. For example, Paul D learns more about Sethe and is able to connect with her through her scars. When Sethe premiere at tempts to explain to Paul D what had happened to her on pages 16-7, he has trouble understanding the true...

Hard Hits in Womens Tennis Industry Causes a Racket Essays -- Explora

Hard Hits in Womens Tennis Industry Causes a Racket From sunrise to sunset, I everlastingly hit fuzzy balls over the net. At age eight, my plan was to be a professional womens lawn tennis player, so I figured that I demand to start training now. Wanting to be just like Martina Hingis, I loved to watch how she could hit the ball with such pace and accuracy. Some of the beaver women athletes drive themselves to participate in this grueling sport, and, although tennis was once not the most popular sport, I still wanted to be one of these women. passim history, women competing in sports has been debated, and women were once excluded from sports entirely. Luckily, I was not born in this era.Within the last century, women have made complicated advances towards being created equal in sports. Broer discusses how women were once degraded from playing sports since the physical activity was considered unlady-like and masculine, but times are changing. When women tried to participate in at hletic competitions, they were labeled as inferiors to the men and were scene to be unfeminine. The reason for this was the difference in upbringing of men and women. Men were taught to show evidence of physical strength and control while on the other hand, women were expected to develop physical attributes and domestic abilities (201-223).Women broke through these stereotypical thoughts of being homemakers during the second part of feminism. This was precisely when doors began to open, and playing courts were allowing the shift in sports. Womens tennis was gaining national and global attention. The combination of elegance and athleticism in tennis was thought to be perfect for women. Women were only allowed to play in mixed sex activity tournaments.... ...ky.com. 2002 Aug 1. 2004 show 17.<http//www.twincities.com/mld/kentucky/sports/other_sports/3775992.htm. Smith, Lisa. Nike is a Goddess the History of Women in Sports. New York Atlantic Monthly Pr., 1998 135-149Special Repo rt Women and Minorities in Tennis. Tennis Industry. 1997March/April. 14 March 2004. <http//www.tennisindustry.com/mar_apr1997/news.htmlWomen1. Tennis Channel Quotes. 10 March 2004. 10 March 2004.<http//www.thetennischannel.tv/quotes.php. The Tennis Channel. Lexisnexis. 8 Jan. 2004. 15 March 2004.<https//web.lexisnexis.com/universe/document?_m=bd9aacf99e3b88fe751f9ce1a8f28998&_docnum=1&wchp=dGLbVtzzSkVA&_md5=4194a3fcba6e3f0903bb26231282f86c. duplicitous or One-handed Backhand? United States High School TennisAssociation. 17 March 2004. <http//www.ushstca.org/HSTMAG/202twohand.htm.

Polylactide :: Polymer Plastic Environment Biodegradable

Polylactide A New PerspectiveIn the past decades, many polymers atomic number 18 non-biodegradable and require an excessive and strenuous recycling process. However one polymer, polylactide, is renovating the roles of commonly known polymers as time passes by. Polylactide has led to the introduction of other possible ways to create plastics that are more environmental friendly to the community. With this sole introduction, polymers in petrochemical-derived products are greatly affected in that they are no longer an uttermost(prenominal) threat to the atmosphere, which is roughlything very crucial for a future healthy planet environment. However, polylactide is an expensive polymer and it is only commonly found in the biomedical field and rarely in the public world. In the recent years, polylactide has been found in items that consist of plastic substances such as in wrapping paper in advancement and has emerged in other consumer products (Morgan).The purpose for this paper is to introduce the polymer, polylactide, in the public world in order for scientists, or even civilians, to pursue and gather some interest in the evolution of polylactide as a polymer chain used in production of biodegradable plastics. Polylactide has just recently been under production by the company Nature Works. Nature Works, located in Blair, Nebraska, is the largest producer of polylactide in the world. Polylactide is the polymer of the future because it has the characteristic of being biodegradable. Although it is not cost efficient in the commencement ceremony of production, the material will degrade naturally in the environment in less than ninety days or can be recycled easier and safer with less constituent loss. The United States recorded 46 billion pounds of plastics were produced in 1989. The same year 225 million pounds of plastics were recycled. This means more than 45 billion pounds of plastics are still in use by Americans or have been abandoned in an un sanitary manner in the environment. By increasing the amount of individuals doing research on polylactide and alter the combinations with additional or subtraction of functional groups, polylactide can change the way the world recycles, manages waste, and improve the health of our planet and species living in sensitive habitats (Cleaning).In the figure below, you can see that lactic acid (CH3C2H2O(OH)2) can be obtained on the basis from renewable starch containing resources, such as, corn, wheat, or sugar cane, by fermentation, or by chemical synthesis of renewable resources.

Jewish Resistance Essay -- essays research papers

Jewish ResistanceWe must first realize that resistance was in no way a survival strategy. Yet, redden when it seemed obvious that death was near inevitable, why did they not put up a fight? This argument is still puzzling to some holocaust historians, but the arguments of Raul Hilberg and Yehuda Bauer offer insight to possible reasons why they did not fight and that resistance was more widespread than most people think. First of all we will verbalism at Raul Hilbergs Two Thousand Years of Jewish Appeasement, to give us possible reasons why Jews simply willing followed orders to their death. We must see the final stage in a way that has two role-players the perpetrators and the victims. We will closely look at the role that Jews played in sealing their own fate.Hilberg gives us basketball team possible Jewish reactions to the situation they had been confronted with. First of all we will look at the possibility of resistance. It seems as though people would not willingly passing to their death, but 2000 years of appeasement was not easily changed. Along with the history of appeasement, the Jews were totally caught by surprise. They had little organization and so, could not put up a worthwhile fight even if they had wanted to. The SS also did a good job of mental warfare in that any resistance, no matter how significant, the perpetrators knew that the repercussions would attain the whole community and so it was hard to muster support for physical opposition. The imprimatur reaction was Jewish attempt to make the struggle more of a mental battle than a physical one. They attempt to avert the full plans of the German army by using written and oral appeals. Jews also tried to anticipate German wishes. The SS found that the ghettos could be very productive and tried to milk them for all they could. In this way, the Jews believed that if they were able to be productive, they would be spared long teeming because of their economic value for help to arrive. Ano ther possible reaction is flight. Only a few thousand Jews take flight from the ghettos in Russia and Poland, and very few escaped from the camps. This was the most viable survival option and yet very few took it. Von dem Bach talked about an unguarded escape route to the Pripet Mar... ...was extremely difficult for many reasons. First of all, although there were armed undergrounds in two of the camps, they never acted, and other than this it was impossible to get arms to stage a real resistance. Second of all, the victims were so malnourished that they could not put up any reasonable fight. And lastly, they were in no mental state to fight the SS. They were instead, fighting for their life every second of the day. They had in some ways given up on life and often times willing to obey all orders because it was the easiest way to do things. My adjacent reaction is, how could they not resist when they know they are going to die. But, it is easy to say what you would do looking back at the situation. In many cases I believe that they did resist in the best way they knew how. They fought for life and did that by any means necessary. Many times they felt as though if they draw out their life, that soon enough they would be saved. This seems as a very reasonable thought, so in my opinion I believe that they did resist more than Hilberg gives them impute for, but I believe they did it from lessons they had learned from the past 2000 years.

Fidel Castro Essay -- essays research papers

Biography of Fidel CastroFidel Castro was born on August 14, 1927 in Mayari, Cuba. His parents were relatively wealthy and owned a sugarcane plantation. During his childhood, he attended hugger-mugger Catholic Schools and graduated to attend the University of Havana in 1945. His teachers immediately noticed Fidels amazing memory, which he used to memorize entire books. At the university, he majored in rectitude studies and became a member of several groups that opposed the Cuban regime, aiding exiles from the Dominican Republic in their political movement. The Cuban government dissolved the group in 1947 and Fidel joined in protests in Bogota that were intended to stop the Ninth International Conference of American States. He graduated with his degree in law in 1950 and had seen the power of political movements. He became a full member of the Ortodoxo Party and campaigned for a seat in the Cuban Congress. However, his plans were disrupted when Fulgencio Batista seized control of t he Cuban government in order to prevent the rise of the Orthodoxos. Under Batista, thousands of political opponents were murdered and the people were held under massive oppression. He began plotting militant action against the Batista regime, fitting the leader of nearly 200 revolutionaries from all over Cuba. On July 26, 1953, he led them in a guerilla attack on the Moncada army barracks in Santiage de Cuba. The militia seized weapons and other supplies and their success caused the citizens there to rally...

Fidel Castro Essay -- essays research papers

Biography of Fidel CastroFidel Castro was born on August 14, 1927 in Mayari, Cuba. His parents were relatively wealthy and owned a sugarcane plantation. During his childhood, he attended private Catholic Schools and graduated to attend the University of Havana in 1945. His teachers immediately noticed Fidels amazing memory, which he used to memorize entire books. At the university, he majored in law studies and became a member of several groups that opposed the Cuban regime, aiding exiles from the Dominican Republic in their political movement. The Cuban government change state the group in 1947 and Fidel joined in protests in Bogota that were intended to stop the Ninth International Conference of American States. He graduated with his stage in law in 1950 and had seen the power of political movements. He became a full member of the Ortodoxo Party and campaigned for a seat in the Cuban Congress. However, his plans were break off when Fulgencio Batista seized control of the Cuban government in order to prevent the rise of the Orthodoxos. Under Batista, thousands of political opponents were murdered and the people were held under massive oppression. He began plotting free-enterprise(a) action against the Batista regime, becoming the leader of nearly 200 revolutionaries from all over Cuba. On July 26, 1953, he led them in a guerilla attack on the Moncada army barracks in Santiage de Cuba. The militia seized weapons and other supplies and their success caused the citizens there to rally...

Milk Production in India Essay

1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF MILK SOCIETY FARMERS IN AVANOOR PANCHAYATH. Avanoor is oneness of the village in puzhakkal taluk, thrissur district, Kerala state panchayath situated with18. 25 square kilometer total commonwealth size. Total population in Avanoor Panchayath is 20040. Among the total population 9729 males and 10311 females. Avanoor bounded with Mundathicode and velur panchayath in the North, Kaiparambu panchayath in the west, Adatt and Kolazhy panchayaths in the south, Mulankunnathkavu panchayath in the east. Among the total population 1576 engaged in the dairy farm farming activities.Among the total number of dairy farmers 593 female dairy farmers. Livestock population in Avanoor panchayath according to the eighteenth livestock census. In 2008 September 18th shown in the following table. Ward NoNo Of house hold having cattleNo Of cattle cross breadNo Of cattle localNo Of house holds having buffaloesNo Of buffaloesNo Of house holds having goatNo Of goats 1752383416 3 276 (5)17512282596 32254612 4651321113878 529701331 642862282559 7622407-1132178 836 (1)741112683 935 (11)6419123188 10421042187 11171432689 1215 (5)3061749 13681651657.149301475 Total623 (22)16053816313241145 2. SOURCE- LIVESTOCK enumerate REPORT OF AVANOOR PANCHAYATH. In Avanoor panchayath which is the place from the render selected having mainly 4 co-operative take out societies. They are - Avanoor ksheera vyavasaya sahakarana sangham under Kerala vyavasaya sahakarana sangham Velappaya ksheerolpathaka sahakarana sangham under Anand ruler Co-Operative Societies (APCOS). Kolangattukara ksheerolpathaka sahakarana sangham under Anand Pattern Co-Operative Societies. Varadiyam ksheerolpathaka sahakarana sangham under Anand Pattern Co-Operative Societies.Among these Avanoor Ksheera Vyavasaya Sahakarana Sangham started 1st in the year 1979, others are started in 1998. In the study mainly considered 50 dairy farmers in the panchayath from the total 1576 dairy farmers in the assay f rame let us examine the socio economic conditions of the dairy farmers considered through the sample. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONENTS SI No IndicatorsNo Of RespondentPer centimeage To The Total 1Age (5) (29) (16) 10% 58% 32% 20-40 40-60 60 Total50100% 2Gender (38) (12) 76% 24% Male Female Total50100% 3Educational Qualification (2) (18) (20) (9) (2) 4% 36% 40% 18% 4% Illiterate Primary.High school Pre Degree Graduate Total50100% 4Occupation (20) (20) (10) 40% 40% 20% Primary Secondary Territory Total50100% 5Size Of Land Holding (3) (12) (35) 6% 24% 70% 10 cent 10-20 cent 20cent Total50100% 6Annual Income (15) (35) 30% 70% 20000 Total50100% 7State Of Membership (43) (7) 86% 14% Member Non Member Total50100% 8Portion Of Livestock(13) (19) (18)26% 38% 36% 1 2 3 Total50100% SOURCE- COMBILED FROM PRIMARY DATA The given table shows the sample size classification according to their age, sex, landholding educational qualification, occupation, annual income, state of membership, possession of livestock.Advancly given the information about some matters. ?No Muslim dairy farmers support get under the sample frame. ?Except 10 persons all others in the sample size having concrete houses, their own well, above poverty line, owned houses. ? just trio members in the sample frame having any type of remittances from abroad. ?Only one among the fifty sample having Bio gas plant, all members are enjoyed the facility of electricity. downstairs the sampling no persons having goat and buffalo for milking included. They are not selected in the random. SAMPLING METHOD-From the classification in the table shows that sample selected with the inclusion of non members of co-operative societies. 40 triple among the to sample size of 50 having membership in the milk society. No one among the 50 dairy farmers in the sampling having annual income slight than 10000. Seventy dowery of the persons having more than 20000 as annual income. Fifteen among the fifty having an annua l income between 10000 and 20000. The sample study reveals that thirty eight percentage of persons or dairy farmers having two cows.Eighteen farmers having three or more than 3 cattles. And thirteen persons of the sample of fifty dairy farmers having only one cattle. Most of the dairy farmers in the sample size involved in an age range of forty to sixty. Only ten percentage included in the younger category of 20 to forty age limits, all others are aged more than sixty. Seventy six percentage among them are males. Only twenty four percentage female participation we female genital organ calculated on the basis of sample. Thirty five persons among the fifty are the holders of more than twenty cent of lands.Among the sample size fifty, ten persons involved in the territory celestial sphere occupations. Forty percentage involved in the primary sector occupation other forty percentages in the secondary sector jobs. With two illiterate persons fifteen primary educated, twenty high schoo led, guild pre degree holders and two graduates. The two persons among the fifty sample holders of loans amounted that two lacks for the dairy sector. One person only in the starting level with more than three cows and one buffalo with all other modernized farm facilities and workers for doing jobs there.One person lived with this as a major occupation for living with an overcoming of the loans taken by him for the dairy farming. In the samples who having cows less than three cows always interested to provide milk in the milk societies. In Avanoor Panchayath no private ventures in the milk field. More than fifty percent of the total sample size accept dairying as a major upkeep occupation. Only in two families having more than four members under the sample frame. Eighty percent of the samples having more than two or three acre land holdings through inheritance.The sample reveals that most of the dairy farmers interested to provide milk for societies only because of the services a vailable to them like pensions, subsidized feeds for calves, artificial insemination facility clash availableness through membership before the milk supplied to society. Provision of insurance etc Feeding of grass diet was widespread. But it was mostly collected grass and not courtly green-fodder. Paddy straw was the most important source of roughage. Mainly sample members are practiced with the feeding of cattle through send them to grass lands in the open fields.Which are help them to increase the production of milk and reduction of the cost of the milk production in Avanoor Panchayath. Non availability of facilities for browse only three members among the total sample. The reasons for these for one person they maintaining high level cross bread cows which are imported from other states they are not adjusted in a high level to western countries climate so they are maintained under the cooling facilities. One person not healthy to grazing the cattle in the open fields. Another p erson is not avail any facility of grazed land.So two among them buy green fodder for high price. In the large farm in Avanoor Panchayath compared to the others, reports regular medical check-ups to their cattle to avoid serious diseases which are badly affect on the milk production. They are avail always healthy veterinary doctors service through the veterinary hospital in the Avanoor Panchayath. No one in the study can reports that their processed milk for producing another milk products. In Avanoor Panchayath such type of industries or small scale units are not existing with or without the avail of co-operative milk unions in the Panchayath.

Management and corporate social responsibility Essay

integrated hearty state is a solid issue in the current employment environment. There is now a remarkable shift in craftes to become recognized as creation socially obligated whilst achieving the primitive business enterprise intention of profit maximization. Business now strive particularly to reach the triple bottom line as a key objective as it in corporeals people planet and profit objectives.Corporate social responsibility is often difficult to define, as there are many different definitions and understandings amongst academics and professionals. just unified social responsibility can broadly be defined as a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis (Falkenberg and Bruns? l 2012). The relationship amongst socially responsible business actions and profit maximization is generally mixed and controversial.Generally the view is that in order f or a business to undertake socially responsible practices there is often increased fiscal and non- monetary costs in order to ensure this and thus idle wordsing to decreased profits in the short term. However it is as well as evident that socially responsible business actions and strong relationships with business stakeholders may lead to significant long-term profit maximization. Corporate social responsibility is now an essential factor deep down business management.A firms bodily social responsibility must be evident throughout all its business functions, in which the ethical motive and values of the business must align to meet all stakeholder expectations. Including social, environmental and ethical factors of business. In the article Is harm reduction profitable? An analytical theoretical account for incarnate social responsibility based on an epidemic model of habit-forming consumption (Massin 2012) the corporate social responsibility of firms in the industry of addictiv e substances, most noteworthy, gambling, cigarettes, and alcohol.There is a significant paradox in relation to producers within these industries and their socially responsible claims. These firms claim to be socially responsible temporary hookup marketing a product clearly identified and harmful (Massin 2012). The paper generally focuses on the substances of alcohol, cigarettes and gambling, as it is these products whose consumption shares the dual characteristic of being at risk of leading the users to gradually lose control over their consumption and of generating health and social damage. (Massin 2012) thus spotlight the contradiction of the producers claims of being socially responsible whilst selling these highly addictive products. Within the industries of addictive goods firms cannot be completely socially responsible, as this would involve the removal of these products from the market. Thus highlighting the in exponent for producers of addictive products to deliver the go ods corporate social responsibility. Therefore illustrating the inability of firms in these industries to be socially responsible whilst still achieving the primary business close of profit maximization.Corporate social responsibility involves business firms aligning their values with those of their stakeholders. There are many significant stakeholders of business, including shareholders, managers, employees and society. Another significant business stakeholder is that of the environment. A socially responsible business is viewed to have open and accountable business actions based on respect for the community, society and the broader environment, and not just legal regulations.This thereof means a socially responsible business ensures it takes into account environmental stability and sustainability. In the article Environmental corporate social responsibility and monetary performance disentangling direct and indirect sets (Loiui, Sharma 2012) the link between environmental socia l responsibility and financial performance has been established. The increasing environmental awareness has lead to increased firm research and development and hence has established new technologies and production processes (Loiui, Sharma 2012).This increases research and development and implementation of new technologies and production processes generally leads to significant short-term business costs in the implementation and change within the business. However, the implementation of socially responsible business behavior leading to environmental sustainability creates significant long-term profit opportunities through increased groundless reduction, lower business consumption and as well as increase dishonor image in the eyes of consumers.This gene linkage between socially responsible business actions, involving environmentally friendly processes and the ability to maximize profit highlights the ability for firms to uphold socially responsible business actions whilst also bein g able to achieve financial objectives and profit maximization. Corporate social responsibility is viewed as an essential business function in todays business environment. However, corporate social responsibility is widely viewed as a violation of a businesses financial performance and the opportunity for business profit maximization.Corporate social responsibility is seen to have many disadvantages that hinder and impede the fundamental business goal of profitability. This concept is further explored in the paper the cursory effect of corporate governance on corporate social responsibility (Maretno and Harjoto 2012). In which it is highlighted that there are three alternatives to the relationship between corporate social responsibility and a firms corporate financial performance.These three theories identify the variable relationships between socially responsible business actions and financial performance. One of the alternatives illustrates the control corporate social responsib ility imposes on the primary business goals of profitability. It is stated that socially responsible business actions are viewed as dear(p) activities and a waste of scarce resources, and therefore have an adverse impact on firm value (Maretno and Harjoto 2012). Corporate social responsibility is often viewed as a costly procedure for businesses to undertake.However, this cost of corporate social responsibility is not only financial but also involves costs associated with time, resources and labour, furthermore contributing to the overall financial inefficiency and disadvantages associated with corporate social responsibility. The impeding financial and non financial costs of the implementation of corporate social responsibility create significant hindrances to a businesses ability to maximize profits and thus, highlights the difficulty in relation to being socially responsible whilst also satisfying the primary business goal of profit maximization.Although corporate social respons ibility is seen to violate profits, it is also believed that firms that conduct socially responsible business actions may reap financial gain and profit maximization. A companys business action in relation to corporate social responsibility generally has significant influence on the attitudes of non-investing stakeholders and the general society. In the article the casual effect of corporate governance oncorporate social responsibility (Maretno and Harjoto 2012) Maretno and Harjoto explain CSR as a conflict resolution hypothesis, in which corporate social responsibility is used as a conflict resolution tool between the firm and theyre non-investing stakeholders (Maretno and Harjoto 2012). Soanas paper the relationship between corporate social performance and corporate financial performance in the banking sector (Soana 2011) further more identifies the positive link between both corporate social responsibility and financial performance and profitability.Corporate social responsibilit y is seen to give firms competitive advantage and may also be seen as a safeguard of corporate reputation(Soana 2011). The use of corporate social responsibility as a conflict resolution tool and a safeguard for whimsy creates significant opportunity for strong financial performance within the firm, due to its creation of several strategic advantages for business, such as the enhanced and harmonious business environments as well as enhanced public image and greater brand value.These factors greatly contribute to the financial performance of the firm and thus if corporate social responsibility is achieved there are significant opportunities for profit maximization. Therefore illustrating the ability of firms to uphold socially responsible actions and corporate social responsibility, whilst still retaining the ability to achieve the primary business goal of profit maximization. Corporate social responsibility has a paramount influence on businesses in the current business environment. Corporate social responsibility consists of open and accountable business actions in order to align the firms values with those of their stakeholders. Businesses are now proper more concerned with the demands of corporate social responsibility, whilst still trying to achieve the fundamental business goal of profit maximization. There is many challenges associated whilst trying to achieve the business objectives of corporate social responsibility and profit maximization simultaneously.Corporate social responsibility generally is associated with increased business costs, including those of time, misuse of resources and monetary costs. However, it has also become evident that socially responsible business actions may lead to long-term financial gains for business as well as greater stakeholder reputation, brand perception and efficiency, ultimately leading to the maximization of business profits. References Falkenberg, J. and Brunsael, P.(2012) corporate social responsibility a strate gic advantage or a strategic need?. Journal of business ethics, 99 p. 9-16. Accessed twenty-fourth April 2013. Lioui, A. and Sharma, Z. (2012) Environmental corporate social responsibility and financial performance Disentangling direct and indirect effects. Ecological economics, 78 p. 100-111. Accessed 24th April 2013. Maretno, H. and Harjoto, A. (2012) The casual effect of corporate governance con corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business ethics, 106 p. 53-72. Accessed 20th April 2013. Massin, S. (2012) Is harm reduction profitable? an analytical cloth for corporate social responsibility based on an epidemic model of addictive consumption. Social Science and medicine, 74 p. 1856-1863. Accessed 24th april 2013. Soana, M. (2011) The relationship between corporate social performance and corporate financial performance in the banking sector. Journal of business ethics, 104 p. 133-148. Accessed 24th April 2013.

Kurt Vonnegut’s Cats Cradle Analysis

Ben Fisher Mr. Anderson AP Writing and Com view 1 14th November 2012 Cats Cradle Ameri female genital organ Author Analysis by Ben Fisher Cats Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut is a science fiction book that was published in 1963. The book is (falsely thought to be)centered around the narrator, John, and his quest to write a book ab bulge out what was happeneing with the creators of the atomic give way the day the first bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. His adventure follows his travels as he meets with researchers, the children of a fictional Dr. Felix Hoenikker, and ventures to an island nation to talk to the good doctors net son.Along this course, he explains a religion he does non yet have, as this is from a post-experience diary perspective, called Bokononism, and its practices. He gains knowledge of this religion and its cosmos on the island of San Lorenzo, which resolves in him becoming president. besides this is a side plot of the book. The main plot, hidden in the back understanding, is centered around a ficticious substance called Ice-Nine, with the power to embarrass all the worlds oceans in the winkle of an eye if it were to touch a single water source, an expression of mans ability to destroy the things that surround him.Cats Cradle is set in an unknown year more than 20 years after August 6th, 1945. At the beginning, John visits Ilium, New York to talk to Dr. Asa Breed at General Forge and Foundry, the place in which Felix Hoenikker worked, which sinks to his denudation of several key locations in the area. The later half is focused on the fictional Carribean island of San Lorenzo, an island nation started by Earl McCabe, a marine deserter, and Bokonon, born Lionel Boyd Johnson, who bring outd Bokononism.These settings leave a sense of a tight dichotomy between modern America and the Caribbean nation of San Lorenzo. Though the concept of the book within, about the bombing of Hiroshima, and a freeze frame of the events of that day, reveals a young nat ion holding infinite power in a vast expanse of nothingness. The concept of San Lorenzo as a land in location is central to the happenings of the book. To contrast this idea of self destruction is the concept of Bokononism, a religion outlawed on the island after being created by one of its founders.Christianity is the official religion, but both Protestantism and Catholicism are illegal, and every single citizen of the island celebrates Bokononism even with the threat of the hy-u-o-ook-kuh, representing how San Lorenzan natives pronounce the Hook, a giant fish draw play that a Bokononist is threatened to be speared upon if they are caught practicing Bokononism. Though this concept is really an illusory ploy created by Bokonon and McCabe, and perpetrated by the islands leader, Papa Monzano, to give hope in pure foma, or harmless untruths, that form a religion that gives hope and reason kinda of defining how you should live.You exist to serve the wampeter of you karass whilst avoi ding granfalloons and trying to find kan-kans that leads the creation of more sinookas that lead to a procces of vin-dits. All the while you may be bothered by stuppas and pool-pah, but when you are busy, busy, busy, you will truly understand your situation, and in your zah-mah-ki-bo, you may lead yourself to recover, Now I will destroy the whole world. All this while, you may connect to another, boko-maru will most likely lead to you conclusion your path. * *Translated In short, the book is lies.Your life is based around serving the central theme of you group (wampeter of your karass) and avoiding intermingling into false groups (granfalloons), and finding items that help your cause (kan-kans) To create t annihilaterils to intertwine others into your life (sinookas) causing shoves towards Bokononism (vin-dits). A fogbound child (a stuppa) or a shitstorm/the wrath of God (pool-pah) may try to mislead yourself, but eventually tou will think about the complicated and unpredictable machinery of life (busy, busy, busy) and will find your inevitable destiny (zah-mah-ki-bo) leading you to your task unknowingly.This may end in suicide (Now I will destroy the whole world) due to the duffle placed upon a stuppa (a fate of m whatsoever placed on one who knows, nor can find, nothing). The idea of boko-maru is supposed to be a very sensual experience that connects two people deeply. Though at any time, your spirit is orbiting an object of swell importance, your karass around a wampeter. The person who secondhandedly introduces us to these concepts is not our protagonist. It is our narrator, a minor character in his own aspects, but the only one that is left later, though he never truly matters.He is simply around to be an expositor of the actions of others, a minor characters sharing the traits of a protagonist. The true protagonist of the story, or which the story revolves around, is Felix Hoenikker, a fictitious addition to the Manhattan project team. He is portray ed as an odd man incapable of conventional thought or process, but able to think up and create brilliant objects in moments when presented with a problem. His mind otherwise wandered his whole life, and he was emotionless and apathetic towards anything but his work.His children, Newton, Franklin, and Anglea, play major rolls constructing the story for the narrator, exposing themselves as as weird as their father. Their mother, Emily, plays a minor roll in the story, but a major roll in a switch over in the good doctors attitude that would barely be noticed by most, including his own children. Bokonon and Earl McCabe are presented as opposing forces, one being the founder and relentless contributor of Bokononism, the other of a government willing to convict those practicing to keep the concept practical.This provides the whole concept of possibility for the ending of the book. One Julian castle once owned the island and used it as a sugar plantation, and by all means is one of the most complex and thoughtful (see evil/diabolical) characters in the book, running a humanitarian aid hospital in the jungle of San Lorenzo. He works alongside one Schlicter von Koenigswald, a former S. S. member that had worked in Auschwitz doing various unnamed evil tasks, now working at the Hospital of Hope and Mercy to atone for his sins.The main characters progress in that they gain a concept of both brotherhood and false family through their karass. By the end, the narrator has gone through rage, happiness, depression, excitement, and finally, he tells himself the truth. He becomes what he once feared, but does not fear what he becomes. The revelations that bring about this change are rather odd. At the beginning, John introduces that this is a book written about the events that brought about the end of the world.John is writing a book about the day of the dropping of the Little Boy on Hiroshima. This leads to a discussion with Dr. Asa Breed, the man who supervised Felix Hoeni kker, the fictional father of the atomic bomb. They discuss that the good doctor was very flittery minded, and worked on whatever he felt like. Once, they asked him if he could create something to turn mud to solid ground in seconds. He said it was impossible, and Dr. Breed believed it was never created. The truth is the good mend created the substance, named Ice-9, in small portions.John follows the trail to the son of Doctor Hoenikker, Newt, and his sister, Angela, a create and a clarinetist, respectively. They all end up meeting on a flight to San Lorenzo, where John heads after learning Frank Hoenikker, the middle son of Doctor Hoenikker, had become the Major General of San Lorenzo. It is later revealed that this was achieved by using a sample of Ice-9 as a bargaining chip, trading it for the position after dry wash up on the shore after a shipwreck.The separate chunks, carried by Franklin, Newton, and Angela, were created when the good Doctor, whilst on vacation at his summe r home, was playing around with his pilot burner sample in his spare time. Whilst on the island, Papa Monzano becomes sick, and declares that Franklin will become the next president, and requests Bokononist burial rights. Franklin passes the buck on to John, asking him if he would take the position if he could marry Mona. He accepts, and plans to change the law so Bokononism may be practiced, but sees it has been outlawed such as to carry a flare of hope for all residents of the island.As he prepares to assume the position, Papa Monzano kills himself declaring that he will destroy the whole world, and freezing himself with his sample of Ice-9. Angela, Newton, John, and Franklin attempt to destroy any samples of Ice-9 and the corpse, but during a staged bombing run, one of the planes crash into the cliffside mansion and knock his body into the water, freezing the whole world solid. John and Mona takes refuge in a chamber built by Papa Monzano for the same reason, and they survive t o see it in wreck, tornadoes reigning supreme, the sky a blanket of everlasting storms.Mona, upon finding most of the population frozen, tastes a small sample of the snow created by Ice-9, and dies instantly. John then happens upon the others who survived in the remains of the castle, and shortly thereafter meets Bokonon. The possible final words of the Books of Bokonon, driving the narrator subconsciously and consciously throughout the book, are well thought out, but only in the moment. If I were a younger man, I would write a history of human tupidity and I would climb to the top of Mount McCabe and lie down on my back with my history for a pillow and I would take form the ground some of the blue-white poison that makes statues of men and I would make a statue of myself, lying on my back, grinning horribly, and thumbing my snout at You Know Who. Throughout the book, constant references are made to the book within the book about the creation of the atomic bomb. Along these lines , Cats Cradle itself is an fable about the destructive power of man when faced with an object of great potential that can be so easily mishandled.Ice-9 represents the arms race, and is a literalization of the phraseology Cold War. Taking the context of the stringent political atmosphere between America and Cuba/Soviet Russia at the time, Vonnegut creates the theoretical isle of San Lorenzo for the bringers of doom, much as the Americans perceived Cuba could bring about the same end in an alternative fashion. Nuclear winter makes a strong connection, along with the toxicity of the snow that is brought about, along with the changes in weather and atmosphere. I opened my eyesand all the sea was ice-nine. The moist green earth was a blue-white pearl. The sky darkened. Borasisi, the sun, became a sickly sensationalistic ball, tiny and cruel. The sky was filled with worms. The worms were tornadoes (P. 151). The true severity of the arms race is also parodied by the easy manner in which Papa Monzano brings about the end, with estimable a touch of the material to his tongue, similar to how with just the touch of a button over a faulty Early Detection System, the world could be brought to Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD).Kurt Vonnegut, as he has done in many of his pieces, inserted his own consciousness to portray John, allowing him to insert his own perspective on any scene in which he is included. Though John only represents parts of his personality, and is not wholly the same. Through a combination of conversation, observation, and presentation of the conceptual ideas of this parallel reality, the exploration of practical destruction. Relevant to this information is his personal experiences in the happenings of war and the propensity of our people to complete these actions.Today, this book is a paradoxical, if not accurate, mirror to the climate at the time. Cold and drastic, not an inch to budge or youd get bombed to smithereens. In this way, Kurt Vonnegut ch allenged a major part of what was considered standard for a novel, and instead wrote what he felt would move correctly, and for that he is remembered. In the beginning, God created the earth, and he looked upon it in his cosmic loneliness.And God said, Let Us make living creatures out of mud, so the mud can see what We have done. And God created every living creature that now moveth, and one was man. Mud as man simply could speak. God leaned close to mud as man sat, looked around, and spoke. What is the purpose of all this? he asked politely. Everything must have a purpose? asked God. Certainly, said man. Then I leave it to you to think of one for all this, said God. And He went away. I thought this was trash. (Pg. 153)

The Causes of Wwi

The long-term lets 1. Colonial rivalry-competition for even large empires 2. Balkan nationalisim-the desire of the Slav peoples of this area to join those in the empire of Austria-Hungary 3. The limbs race-competition for bigger armed forces and more armaments 4. The Anglo-German Naval Race 5. Kaiser Wilhelm II and German militarism 6. Alliance system-The Tripple Alliance and the Triple Entente The immediate cause of the war 1. The assassination of Franz-Ferdinand 2. Russias blanketing Serbia made war more likely 3. German backing for Austria was crucially important Colonial rivalry-competition for even bigger empiresCompetition between the Great Powers in Europe to gain colonies plays an important role in causing the WWI. By the beginning of the twentieth century, many great proponents in Europe has built up their empires by holding colonies or ares. This is known as imperialism and as means when a country takes over new lands or countries and makes them subject to their rule. Many countries such as the British Empire were at the peak of their industrial revolution and their developments of industries were huge. When industrialism occurs, countries need foreign markets to sell their increase in goods.Great Britain had the the largest number of colonies in the world so that King George V was in addition the Emperor of India and ruler of many separate lands overseas. The great Empire took up nearly a quarter of the worlds land surface with 390 million of population of the colonies in 1914. And in any case France has the second largest empire in the world with colonies in Africa, the Far East and Indo-China. Those large number of colonies improved Britains and Frances dominance over the Europe and made them powerful and influential. The Germans were left with some elegant and commercially marginal colonies.There was a great deal of jealousy in Germany in regard to the British and French empires. The King of Germany , Kaiser Wilhem envied the mighty Bri tain Empire . He decided that Germany too must have colonies overseas, which would helped him expand the German Empire and provide Germany with a market for her growing industries. It would also be a billet sybol showing Germanys greatness and gaining it respect. ( Furthermore, Britain in situationicular, used its navy and merchant navy to dominate overseas trade, which also provided a source of irritation to the Germans. The Germans embarked on a program of massive naval spending in order to create a navy capable of challenging Britains domination of the sea. This caused considerable revive in Britain and tensions between the Germans and the Britain. Once the trigger was fired, the assassination of the Archduke, Imperialism directly led to a naval arms race between the two countries. Causing the divergence of the power of different countries ,competition and tension between countries to grow , the Colonial rivalry made countries willing and eager to join World War I, which was seen as an fortune to gain colonies and reshape the world.Therefore, German declared war on Russia and mobilized her army when Russia refused to send troops to help Serbia and other countries joined in the War later. On 5 August, all the great powers of Europe were at war with each other, WWI broke out. Balkan patriotism-the desire of the Slav peoples of this area to join those in the empire of Austria-Hungary Balkan nationalism is also one of the important factors of the bang of WWI. The Balkans is the area of south-west Europe and it was the powder-keg or trouble spot of Europe. This area had once been part of Turkish Empire.It was live by Slav peoples such as the Serbs, Bulgarians and Romanians, who were able to rule themselves. Many nationalities were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire but Serbia wanted to unite all Serbs within a greater Serbia. The Slav peoples of Balkans desired those in the empire of Austria-Hungary to join with them. Russia regarded herself as the prote ctor of these Slavs since they shared a common nationality. Austia-Hungary feard losing not only the Serbs but also other Balkan nationals so that Austria-Hungary wanted to take over the states of this area to preserve of this empire.It brought increasing rivalry between Russia and Austria-Hungary. When Austria started war with Serbia, Russia ordered the Russian army to realize for war in order to help the Slavs of Serbia on 29 July, which started a countdown to the biggest war, WWI. German sent ultimatum to Tsar Nicholas to order him to stop mobilizing but Russia refused to accept and so Germany declared war on Russia , mobilizing her army. As France was an ally of Russia the French government ordered the mobilization of the French army on 1 August. Many other great powers joined the war later so that WWI broke out on 5 August.Causing the tension and opposition between Russia and Austria-Hungary to rise and making the mobilization of Russia which started the countdown of the war, the Balkan nationalism made the war likely to happen. Therefore, the Balkan nationalism was one of the factors of the outbreak of WWI, The arms race-(competition for bigger armed forces and more armaments) The arms race also contributes into causing the WWI to break out. By the beginning of twentieth century , great powers in Europe have started to rival with each other through building up the size of their armed forces.Each major power in Europe except Britain had trained a huge army of conscripts, which means young men labored by law to become soldiers for a year or so. These armies could be mobilized at a moments notice. In the period 1900-1904 the main European powers more than doubled their spending on their armies. From 1872 to 1912, Germany increased more than 300% of her armaments spending when Russia increased more than 250% with Italy, Great Britain, Austria-Hungary and France around 100%. Guns , shells, bullets and other weapons had been stockpiled in case of war.Ever mo re destructive weapons were being essential and improved, such as the machine-gun and huge field guns. The increases in spending of armaments caused the military rival between countries to rise. The arm races increased tension between the Great Powers. They felt threatened when others increased its army and gained stronger weapons so that they competed with each other through making their military power stronger with a rolling snowball effect. It made the war more likely since country increased its army and weapons it became more confident of success in a future war and more willing to test out their armed forces.When Austria started war with Serbia after the assassination of Franz-Ferdinand, Russia backed Serbia as a starting saddle of countdown of WWI . More great powers joined the large-scaled war soon later since they were confident and well prepared to compete their military powers. WWI broke out on fifth August 1914. Increasing the tension and competition between countries a nd accelerating the coming of the war , the arms race gathered all great powers together and made the war faster and more possible to happen. Therefore, the arms race was one of the most important factors of the outbreak of WWI. The Anglo-German Naval RaceThe Anglo-German naval race was also one of the factors of the outbreak of WWI. Before WWI,Great Britain had the most powerful naval in the world, which was her Royal Navy. The navy which outgunned and outnumbered all other navies not only protected the Empire and trade, but also prevented foreign invasion. At the same time, Germany had the worlds best army but Kaiser Wilhelm, but the German reluer would like to compete with Britain so that it began to build a fleet of battleships to rival the British Navy in 1898. Britain were not worried about the growth of the German fleet too much at archetypical since they had enormous lead.However, the introduction of the powerful British Dreadnought battleship in 1906 changed all this. The dreadnought was faster, bigger and had a much great firing represent than existing battleships and this super-battleship made all previous battleships obsolete or out of date. This allowed the Germans to begin building Dreadnoughts on equal terms with Britain. A race developed between two countries to see who could build the most. In 1909 Britain had 8 Dreadnoughts to Germanys seven. This naval race poisoned the transaction between the two countries and was the main bone of parameter between the two right up to 1914.When Germany was preparing to invade Belgium, the British sent her troops to protect Belgium from attack. British sent a telegram to call Germany to back her army. With no reply from Germany , the Britain started war with Germany and from then, all the great powers of Europe became at war with each other. On 5th August, 1914, WWI broke out. By worsening the relations between Germany and Britain and causing rival and tension between them to rise, the Anglo-Naval Race m ade the war between the two more likely to happen and it became a part a WWI. Therefore, the Anglo-Naval race was one of the factors of the outbreak of WWI.

Five Phases of Project Management

Assignment Five Phases discover Management Strategy November 5, 2012 Five Phases of undertaking Management Life round of golf wariness is a business wariness approach that can be used by wholly types of businesses (and other boldnesss) to improve their products and thus the sustainability, employing the principles of picture life cycle the tailfin-spot anatomys of final cause oversight, which consists of, initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, and closure. Iniation PhaseThe first phase of a start is the initiation phase. During this phase, a business enigma or opportunity is identified and a business fortune providing various solution options is defined. Once the recommended solution is approved, a date is initiated to deliver the approved solution. Terms of reference are completed outlining the objectives, scope and structure of the revolutionary purport and a project manager is appointed. The project manager begins recruiting a project team and establishe s a project office environment.Within the initiation phase, the business problem or opportunity is identified, a solution is defined, a project is formed and a project team is appointed to build and deliver the solution to the guest (Barkley, 2005). Planning Phase Often the most time-consuming of the phases of project management, the Planning phase is where you lay your project ground run and is critical for a successful instruction execution of the subsequent Execution phase (Reynolds, 2009).Additionally, in this phase Project Planning builds on the work done in Project Initiation, refining and augmenting Cost, Scope, Schedule and flavor (CSSQ) and Project Plan deliverables. Usually, additional members join the Project Team, and they assist the Project Manager in further elaborating the details of the Cost, Scope, Schedule and Quality (Macek, 2010). The planning phase produces a project plan, project charter and/or project scope outlining the work to be performed. During this ph ase, a team should prioritize the project, calculate a cipher and schedule, and determine what resources are needed0 (LaBrosse, 2008).This phase is the basis for the successful execution of the subsequent Executing phase. The planning phase is also the phase where, definition of work packages, luxuriant planning, clarification of responsibilities, risk analysis, and interfaces are defined. Project Planning marks the completion of the Project Plan i. e. , no work is left uncovered. Execution Phase Execution. This is where the project team does the work to crate the final deliverables of the project. It is the largest part of most projects and it goes far better if adequate time was taken to properly plan the work of the project (Reynolds, 2009).Resources tasks are distributed and teams are informed of responsibilities. This is a good time to bring up important project related information (Project Plan Execution, 2009). During the Execution phase, the project manager spends a consid erable amount of time in communication making sure the resources (people, equipment and materials) are available to do their work and know what work needs to be completed. in that location is a significant amount of work in this phase, as a project manager works to juggle numerous aspects of the project.During this phase, youll use all of your management skills to implement and manage cost and quality, risks and change, and several other factors (Reynolds, 2009). Monitoring The next phase of the Project management life cycle is monitoring. Successful Project Management Principles & Controls are summarized as three main methods continual focus on the Project Plan, constant update of the Project Plan (especially the triple restraints, and most importantly, measure status and project progress against the Project Plan -making adjustments to get back on track, if necessary (Project Plan Execution, 2009) .Closure In Project Closeout, the Project Team assesses the outcome of the proje ct, as well as the performance of the Project Team and the Performing Organization. This is accomplished primarily through soliciting and evaluating feedback from Customers, Project Team members, Consumers and other stakeholders. The primary purpose of this assessment is to document best practices and lessons learned for use on future projects. In addition, key project inflection are also captured to enable the Performing Organization to compare and evaluate erformance measurements across projects. Project completion is signified by accomplishments such as (1) all tasks finished, (2) agreed deliverables completed, (3) testing completed, and (4) training materials prepared. The project benefits should be measured and compared with the final business case. Not all the benefits of the project are immediately apparent. The results must be compared with the cost-benefit analysis along with all the other forecast benefits that the project was planned to provide the organisation.Analyzes how each phase could actualise the organizations business strategy. There is a dramatic rise in the use of project management as organizations shift to provide customer driven results and systems solutions. Some implementations of project management have been successful, while others are incredible failures. A common occurrence in many organizations is in any case many projects being attempted by too few people with no apparent link to strategy or organizational goals.Unfortunately, this is why the organization I currently work in is seek to successfully complete the EMR, too few resources and too many projects being implemented simultaneously and most not align with the strategic plan. Experience indicates that the support of upper management is critical to project success, upper management was absent as participants of the project until the decision was made to delay the go-live. In our case, Upper management did not take action to create an environment for more successful proj ects in their organizations.Project management must be regarded as a company-wide project management competency designed to benefit the entire company (Kerzner, 2005). It also includes developing a corporate culture that is based upon effective organizational behavior and creating a well-developed project management methodology, accompanied by the proper supporting tools, which is vital to achieving organizational goals. Once the organization recognizes that project management is a core competency, the organization can convert this competency into a sustainable competitive advantage.The ultimate purpose is for the sustainable competitive advantage to become the pathway for a strategic competency that becomes a primary drive during strategic planning activities (Kerzner, 2005. As the project management strategy matures, the business value derived from each phase increases. increase value subsequent to increase project portfolio leads to the alignment of project management and organiz ational strategy across the organization/enterprise. Keeping each phase of the project on track yields a successful project, which means managing the triple constraints and strict management of metrics (monitoring phase).The project goals then extend throughout the team to the suppliers, contractors, and stakeholders. The five phases of project management assists the organization in creating a strategic value chain that gives companies a competitive edge. References Kerzner, H. (2005). Using the Project Management Maturity illustration Strategic planning for project management (2nd ed. ). Hoboken, NJ John Wiley and Sons, Inc. LaBrosse, M. (2008). Key principles of project management. Food Management, 43(5), 27-27. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com/docview/215900222? ccountid=32521 Macek, W. (2010). Methodologies of project management. Wspolczesna Ekonomia, 4(4), 267. Retrieved from http//search. proquest. com/docview/1115291842? accountid=32521 Project Plan Execution wher e you walkway the walk as the Project Manager. (2009). Retrieved from URL Managerhttp//www. mastering-project-management. com/project-plan-execution. html Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13). Phases of project management Initiation. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1672. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13).Phases of project management Planning. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1673. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, July 28). Phases of project management Execution. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1674. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13). Phases of project management Monitoring. Bright Hub weblog. Retrieved from www. brighthub. com/office/project-management/articles/1675. aspx Reynolds, D. (2009, May 13). Phases of project management Closing. Bright Hub weblog.

Commercialization of Education Essay

Bacteria, Virus, and Parasites Years ago, pissingborne diseases accounted for millions of deaths. Even today in underdeveloped countries, an estimated 25,000 batch will die daily from peeborne disease. Effects of waterborne microorganisms brush off be immediate and devastating. Therefore, microorganisms argon the first and most important consideration in making water acceptable for human consumption. Generally speaking, modern municipal supplies atomic number 18 relatively free from harmful organisms because of routine disinfection with chlorine or chloramines and tell on sampling. This does not mean municipal water is free of all bacteria.Those of us with private well and small rural water systems have reason to be much concerned about the possibility of microorganism contamination from septic tanks, animal wastes, and other problems. There is a little community in California, where 4,000,000 gallons of peeing hits the ground daily from dairy cows Authorities say that at l east 4000 cases of waterborne diseases are reported either family in the U.S. They besides estimate that much of the temporary ills and everyday gastrointestinal disorders that go routinely unreported can be attributed to organisms found in our water supplies.INORGANIC IMPURITIES tinkers dam and Sediment or Turbidity Most waters contain some suspended particles which may consist of fine sand, clay, soil, and precipitated salts. Turbidity is unpleasant to look at, can be a source of food and lodging for bacteria, and can interfere with effective disinfection. Total Dissolved Solids These substances are dissolved rock and other compounds from the earth. The inbuilt list of them could fill this page. The presence and amount of total dissolved solids in water represents a point of controversy among those who promote water treatment products. present are some facts about the consequences of laster levels of TDS in water 1. High TDS imparts in undesirable peck which could be sa lty, bitter, or metallic. 2. High TDS water is slight thirst quenching.3. Some of the individual mineral salts that make up TDS pose a variety of wellness hazards. The most problematic are Nitrates, Sodium, Sulphates, Barium, Copper, and Fluoride. 4. The EPA Secondary Regulations apprise a maximum level of 500mg/litter (500 parts per million-ppm) for TDS. Numerous water supplies exceed this level. When TDS levels exceed 1000mg/L it is generally considered unfit for human consumption. 5. High TDS interferes with the taste of foods and beverages, and makes them less desirable to consume. 6. High TDS make ice cubes cloudy, softer, and faster melting. 7. Minerals exist in water mostly as INORGANIC salts. In contrast, minerals having passed through a living system are known as ORGANIC minerals. They are combined with proteins and sugars. According to many nutritionists minerals are much easier to assimilate when they come from foods. arouse you imagine going out to your garden for a c up of dirt to eat rather than a nice carrot or deglutition a whole bathtub of water for LESS calcium than that in an 8 ounce glass of milk?8. Water with higher TDS is considered by some health advocates to have a poorer cleansing effect in the body than water with a low level of TDS. This is because water with low dissolved solids has a greater capacity of absorption than water with higher solids. Toxic Metals or Heavy Metals Among the greatest threats to health are the presence of high levels of toxic metals in drinking water Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, Mercury, and Silver. Maximum limits for each are established by the EPA Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Other metals such as Chromium and Selenium, while all-important(a) trace elements in our diets, have limits imposed upon them when in water because the form in which they exist may pose a health hazard. Toxic metals are associated with nerve damage, birth defects, mental retardation, certain cancers, and increased susceptibili ty to disease. Asbestos Asbestos exists as microscopic suspended mineral fibres in water.Its primary source is asbestos-cement pipe which was commonly used after World War II for city water supplies. It has been estimated that some 200,000 miles of this pipe is presently in use to transport our drinking water. Because these pipes are wearing, the deadly substance of asbestos is showing up with increasing frequency in drinking water. It has been linked with gastrointestinal cancer. Radioactivity Even though trace amounts of radioactive elements can be found in almost all drinking water, levels that pose serious health hazards are fairly rarefor now. Radioactive wastes gain vigor from mining operations into groundwater supplies. The greatest threat is posed by nuclear accidents, nuclear processing plants, and radioactive waste disposal sites. As containers containing these wastes deteriorate with time, the jeopardize of contaminating our aquifers prepares into a toxic time bomb. ORGANIC IMPURITIESTastes and Odours If your water has a disagreeable taste or odour, chances are it is due to one or more of many organic substances ranging from decaying vegetation to algae hydrocarbons to phenols. It could also be TDS and a host of other items. Pesticides and Herbicides The increasing use of pesticides and herbicides in agriculture shows up in the water we drink. Rain and irrigation carry these deadly chemicals down into the groundwater as well as into surface waters There are more than 100,000,000 people in the US who depend upon groundwater for sources whole or in part of their drinking water. As our reliance upon groundwater is escalating, so is its contamination. Our own household use of herbicide and pesticide substances also contributes to actual contamination. These chemicals can cause circulatory, respiratory and nerve disorders. Toxic Organic Chemicals The most pressing and widespread water contamination problem is a result of the organic chemicals cr eated by industry.The American Chemical Society lists 4,039,907 distinct chemical compounds as of late 1977 This list only is comprised of chemicals reported since 1965. The list can grow by some 6,000 chemicals per week 70,000 chemicals may still be in production in the US. As of December, 1978, 50 chemicals were creation produced in greater quantities than 1,300,000,000 pounds per year in the US. 115,000 establishments are involved in the production and distribution of chemicals, with the business being worth $113,000,000,000 per year. According to the EPA, there are 77,000,000,000 pounds of hazardous waste being generated each year in the US. 90 percent of this is not disposed of properly. This would equal 19,192 pounds of hazardous waste disposed each year on every square mile of land and water surface in the US including Alaska and Hawaii There are 181,000 manmade lagoons at industrial and municipal sites in the US. At least 75 percent of these are unlined.Even the lined ones will leak according to the EPA. Some of these are within 1 mile of wells or water supplies. There is still a lack of information on the location of these sites, their condition, and containments. THIS IS A HORROR STORY OF THE MILLENNIUM. Chemicals end up in our drinking water from hundreds of different sources. There are hundreds of publications each year highlighting this problem. The effects of chronic long term exposure to these toxic organics, flat in minute amounts, are extremely difficult to detect. Contaminated drinking water may look and taste perfectly normal. The users symptoms might include go on headache, rash, or fatigue all of which are hard to diagnose as being water related.The more serious consequences of drinking tainted water are higher cancer rates, birth defects, growth abnormalities, infertility, and nerve and organ damage. Some of these disorders may go unnoticed for decades Just how toxic these chemicals are may be illustrated by looking at devil examples TCE is a widely used chemical which routinely shows up in water supplies. Just two glassfuls of TCE can contaminate 27,000,000 gallons of drinking water One pound of the pesticide, Endrin can contaminate 5,000,000,000 gallons of water.Chlorine Trihalomethanes (THMs) are formed when chlorine, used to disinfect water supplies, interacts with natural organic materials (e.g. by-products of decayed vegetation, algae, etc.). This creates toxic organic chemicals such as chloroform, and Bromodichloromethane. A further word about chlorine Scientists at Colombia University found that women who drank chlorinated water ran a 44% greater risk of dying of cancer of the gastrointestinal or urinary tract than did women who drank non-chlorinated water Chlorinated water has also been linked to high blood pressure and anaemia. Anaemia is caused by the deleterious effect of chlorine on red blood cells.

Artificial Intelligence paper

The design of the dust was the result of a project funded by the Greek Secretariat of Research and Technology . It depart feed in the National Center of Immediate Assistance ( shish kebab in Greek), which deals with emergency medical fortuitys by organize and routing ambulances to appropriate hospitals and health units as well as go medical cargon to patients during their transport to hospitals. Our enquiry unit was mainly responsible for designing the GIS subsystem, which constitutes the primary focus of this paper.The paper is an extended version of wiz presented at Delegate 2000 (Drinkers, Gorillas, Makers, Presents, Siestas, & Disallows, 2000). An operation with substantial importance for the handling of emergency calamitys is the routing of an ambulance to an incident site and from there to the close appropriate hospital. The optimal avenues correspond to minimum required transportation condemnations. finding such routes may prove to be fourth dimension-consuming i n the case of large cities such as Athens with in truth dense avenue networks.However, by exploiting juvenile advances in the field of data body structures, the military operation of a shortest-path algorithmic ruleic rule in terms of the required computational time can be significantly intensify. The incorporation of the enhanced shortest-path algorithm thin the GIS go away lower our systems response time, thus increasing its inability. This paper is organized as follows. slit 2 briefly presents primary aspects of a Gigs facilities in mold and analyzing spacial networks. In theatrical role 3 the overall integrated system is described. Section 4 deals with the GIS subsystem and describes its key functions.Section 5 briefly explains how the performance of a shortest-path algorithm can be enhanced, while Section 6 demonstrates how to incorporate this enhanced algorithm within a commercial GIS such as Raccoon. Finally, Section 7 summarizes the results of the project. . Model ing and analysis of spatial networks GIS technology integrates common database operations such as query and statistical analysis with the unique visualisation and geo graphic analysis benefits offered by maps (SERIES Web site Franklin, 1992 Mueller, 1993). Among other things, a GIS eases the modeling of spatial networks (e. . way networks), Other partners in this project were the University of Piraeus, the National Technical University of Athens, the Aristotle University of Thessalonians and the companies ITCH G. Drinkers et al. / Compute. , Environ. And Urban Systems 25 (2001) 267-278 69 offering algorithms to query and analyze them. Spatial networks be modeled with graphs. In the case of driveway networks, the graphs arcs correspond to avenue segments whereas the nodes correspond to roadway segment interbreedings. Each arc has a weight associated with it, representing the resistance (cost) of traversing it.In most cases, an arcs impedance is a function of the correspondin g street segments length and merchandise volume. A GIS usually provides a add of tools for the analysis of spatial networks. It generally offers tools to find the shortest or minimum impedance route wrought a network and heuristic procedures to find the most in effect(p) route to a series of locations, commonly called the traveling salesman problem. every(prenominal)ocation functions assign portions of the network to a resource supply location and tracing tools provide a means to determine whether peerless location in a network is connected to another.Distance matrix numeration can be use to calculate distances between models of origins and destinations whereas location-allocation functions determine site locations and assign demand to sites. Moreover, street addresses can be converted to map coordinates (address coding). Finally, dynamic segmentation operations offer ways of modeling events (e. G. Pavement quality, speed zones) on routes (SERIES Web site). These capabiliti es of GIS for analyzing spatial networks en adequate to(p) them to be utilize as ratiocination support systems for the districting and routing of vehicles (Grassland, Wynn, & Perkins, 1995 Keenan, 1996, 1998). . The overall integrated system Up till now, Kebabs employees were using paper maps and their own get a line in order to achieve the effective routing and districting of ambulances. However, these two functions, which constitute significant areas in the field of closing support yeasts (Eom, Lee, & Kim, 1993), require the integration of a computer-based system with geographic analysis and visualization tools and a telecommunication network. The operation of the integrated system volition automate and enhance many of Kebabs services. The systems architecture is depicted in Fig. 1.It is based on the integration of GIS, GASP and GSM technologies. The GASP and GSM technologies will be used to transmit the subscribe to positions of ambulances to the GIS operating in Kebabs ope rations Center. The integration of these technologies enables the vigilance of vehicles such as many trucks, patrol cars and ambulances (Hauberk, 1995). All these applications are parts of the new emerging disciplines of teleprocessing and telecommunication (Laurie, 1999, 2000 Tanzania, 2000). Each ambulance will be outfit with a GASP receiver to determine its exact position based on the signal catching by satellites.In addition, it will have a GSM modem in order to transmit its position to the base berth in the Operations Center. This will be achieved through the GSM network. Furthermore, through the GSM network other be equip with a computer or a 270 Fig. 1 . The overall integrated system. Mobile data last(a) to display the route computed by the GIS operating in the Operations Center. Kebabs Operations Center will change data with the ambulances through the GSM network. It will receive the ambulance positions and will use the GIS to perform the functions described in Sectio n 4.The optimal route calculated for a specific ambulance will be transmitted to it. In the Operations Center there will be a computer dedicated to communication with the ambulances and another one for the operation of the GIS. In addition, there will be one or more computers for the operation of the database management system (DBS) containing data used by the GIS. Nowadays, most GIS software packages offer a rich set of tools and extensions, enabling the incorporation of GASP data and offering real-time tracking capabilities.SERIES Archive, for instance, offers an extension called Tracking psychoanalyst that allows direct feed and playback of real-time data within the Archive GIS environment (SERIES Web site). The systems architecture follows the modify approach (Laurie, 2000 Tanzania, 2000) whereby a control focalize (in our case Kebabs Operations Center) coordinates the fleet of mobile vehicles. info from the vehicles and sensors are sent to this center and, after being evalu ated, data and instructions are transmitted to the vehicles. A weapons-grade point of this architecture is the easiness with which it is designed. 71 However, the danger of a crash in the control center constitutes a major weakness (Lament, 2000 -rant, 2000). 4. The GIS subsystem The GIS will make use of non-homogeneous data that are any stored in spatial databases and DBS or transmitted through the GSM network. Spatial data will cover the road network, the locations of hospitals and medical centers, the positions of ambulances, he distribution of incidents occurring in the past, the distribution of population characteristics (e. G. Demographic characteristics or disease spreading), and locations of various landmarks.Basic spatial data for the road network relate to intersections and the road segments are coded based on intersection type (e. G. Railroad crossing, street intersection) and the type of traffic control device present (e. G. Stop sign, curb light). Road segments form the framework for a number of other geographic features defined using route systems. Street names, for instance, are defined as routes. Along them speed zones ND speed limit signs are recorded as linear and point events, respectively. In addition, lanes are recorded as linear events along these routes.Since the majority of streets are only two-lane residential streets, only sections with more than two lanes are recorded. other important aspect is the recording of the locations of hospitals and gas stations. Moreover, address information related to the road network is being stored, facilitating coding operations. Data concerning road traffic will be very useful for the routing of ambulances. These data will be updated by processing traffic statistics and simultaneously taking into inconsideration online data deriving from traffic sensors installed on the road network.The National Technical University of Athens has installed loop sensors on the road network of Athens, providing inb red information on traffic conditions. Traffic data will be stored in a DBS. Data pertaining to events such as road works or demonstrations that also affect road traffic will be made available from the municipality or the police. Data concerning hospitals, ambulances, and their personnel will also be stored in the DBS and used by the GIS whenever it is necessary. Information linking conventional loophole numbers with addresses is also stored in a DBS.Its importance will become evident in the next section. Some of the primary functions performed by the GIS operating in KEBAB will be the following 1 . Depiction on a map of ambulance positions and hospital locations. serviceable queries that will be performed take the display of information about an ambulance or a hospital chosen from the map, locating all ambulances positioned within a block, all ambulances that are closer to a hospital or some other spot, etc. Different symbols will be used for displaying an ambulance, 272 2. 3. 4. . 6. Pending on its side an ambulance may be standing by, handling an incident, or tools of the GIS will take into consideration the data concerning the road network, past incident distribution, population distribution, hospital locations, locations of gas stations and traffic conditions and will propose efficient distributions of ambulances. A variety of criteria should be considered in order to perform this operation. For example, areas where many incidents take place should be allocated more ambulances. A densely populated area entails a higher probability of an incident occurring.Additionally, an areas urban planning affects the way incidents are clutchesd. Areas close to major streets facilitate ambulance access to whereas areas with narrow streets inhibit it. If the decision maker of the GIS chooses to distribute ambulances according to his/her own criteria, the depiction on the map of all the available information and the interaction with the GIS will be of significant assistance. Finding the site of the incident. Based on the address given by the person calling Kebabs Operations Center for help, the GIS can use address coding functions to find the incidents coordinates on the map.However, in many cases the person calling for help may be at a passing play for words and thus unable to give precise information about the site of the incident. Therefore, the system should include a mechanism for matching a call to an address. The DBS linking conventional telephone numbers with addresses will facilitate this matching. Things are more complicated if the call is made from a cellular phone, however. In this case, the assistance of the cellular phone providers will be required in order to match a callers location to the closest address or landmark. Choosing the appropriate ambulance to Andre an emergency incident.According to ambulance positions, the type and location of the incident and traffic conditions, the GIS finds the ambulance requiring the least time to reach the site of the incident. The choice of ambulance depends on the type of incident because some ambulances are equipped to handle special emergency cases. Routing an ambulance to the incident site and from there to the closest appropriate hospital. The GIS will be used to find the optimal routes corresponding to minimum required transportation time. The distance as well as traffic data will be taken into account. The appropriate hospital will furthermore depend on the type of incident.Such information will be derived from communication through the GSM network between the ambulance personnel and the personnel in the Operations Center. The GIS can also present the driver with directions corresponding to the routes generated (e. G. Go straight off ahead, turn right to Armor Street, etc. ). These directions will be transmitted to the ambulance. In a real- time system like ours, the time performance of the routing function is of vital significance. Generation of statistic s regarding incidents. The GIS, in cooperation with the DBS annotating incident records, can significantly assist in the statistical analysis of incidents.Consequently, important conclusions supporting the ambulance districting can be obtained. 5. The most efficient implementation of Disasters algorithm An operation with substantial importance for the handling of emergency incidents is the routing of an ambulance to an incident site and from there to the closest appropriate hospital. The optimal routes correspond to minimum required transportation times. Finding such routes may prove to be time-consuming in the case of large cities such as Athens with very dense road networks. A real-time system however, must be able to give a prompt reply to such queries.Disasters algorithm is a simple and consequently substantially implemented algorithm for finding shortest routes and is the most widely used in GIS software packages. Its performance depends on the data structures (e. G. Heaps or priority queues) used to implement the graph representing the spatial network. By exploiting recent advances in the field of data structures the performance of a significantly enhanced. We assume that we are given a graph with n nodes, m arcs, and integral arc lengths in the range 0,.. C, where C is the largest arc length. This graph represents the road network.Boris V. Characters, Andrew V. Goldberg and Craig Silversides developed the hot queue data structure (Characters, Goldberg, & Silversides, 1996, 1999) that combines the best features of heaps and multi-level buckets (Denary & Fox, 1979) in a natural way. They proved in theory that if C is very small compared to n, the data structure performs as a multi-level bucket structure. If C is very large, the data structure performs as the heap used in it. For intermediate values of C, the data structure performs better than either the heap or the multi-level cover structure.

Planning Theory & Practice Essay

The creation of a whole new type of society, the virtual community, has done much to highlight the potential for communities to pattern beyond the confines of geographic space (Rheingold, 1993). scientific utopians have found community in network. Largely anecdotal evidence emphasizes the ability of computer networks to link up wad across time and space in strong supportive relationships, blindly extending beyond characteristics of ethnicity, holiness or national origin. discredited of PlagiarismThe creation of a new community, which is called a virtual community, has allowed people to live beyond geographic space. Cyberspace is where technological people have found a perceive of community. Computers can connect people across time and space no matter what their characteristics (Hampton, 2002). Not Guilty of Plagiarism Keith Hampton (2002), has coined the term virtual community to refer to a place where people can form social groups beyond the confines of geographic space (p. 228). This cyberspace provides a chance for individuals of varying races and religions to hear and interact via computer.Many technologically savvy people now have a place to tally other without having to physically travel (Hampton, 2002). Not Guilty of Plagiarism. Computers have allowed for people to meet those of other nationalities and cultures worlds away(p) from one another through the computer. The networking capabilities of computers allow for people to build social groups, or communities, in cyberspace rather than in person. An ocean or a mountain will no longer be able to keep these technologically savvy pioneers apart (Hampton, 2002).

Jane Austen strongly emphasises the links between romance and finance: her attitude is always practical

At the measure in which Austen was writing women were low enormous pressure to espouse for the purpose of securing their financial futures. Therefore, coupling, though romanticised, was in many an(prenominal) ways a financial transaction and affable alliance rather than a matter of love. Although Jane Austen did not condone loveless marriages (she stayed single all her life), she did approve of likenes having equating in various aspects, including wealth, social status, love and mind. Austen strongly believed in not marrying for the wrong reasons.With reference to funds this meant that a person Austen would eliminate of would be someone who married purely for the gain of wealth. Perhaps those who are well of anyway, but indispensability a greater financial security in life, or those who were of mediocre wealth who married for coin to avoid being a poor spinster in later life. An example of someone who wishes to marry for funds in Pride and Prejudice would be Caroline Bi ngley. Caroline Bingley, by way of her brothers good tidy sum is a wealthy character, with a dowry of, twenty one thousand pounds Her financial interest in marrying Mr. Darcy would be for the gain of a greater financial standing. girlfriend Bingley shows bantam true affection or taste for his character, indeed Miss Bingley says to him, You are considering how insupportable it would be to pass many evenings in this manner- in such(prenominal) society The assumption made here is that Miss Bingley thinks herself to mother the same status and therefore feelings as Mr. Darcy. We are told later on that Miss Bingley whilst reading a book in Mr. Darcys company, quite irresolute by the attempt to be amused with her own book, which she had only chosen because it was the second volume of his This shows us that Miss Bingley has hardly a(prenominal) of the same interests or indeed the same superior mind as Darcy, qualification the match unsuitable, for in Jane Austens view a couple shou ld more often than not not only have equality in status but in mind as well. This relationship is similar to that of the Eltons in Emma.Mrs. Elton, in one case Miss Augusta Hawkins is from a trade background in Bristol, is one of the characters that Jane Austen classifies as neuveau riche. Mrs. Elton is married to Mr. Elton, who at the beginning of the novel appears to be a relatively diesome, agreeable village vicar but who quickly becomes a character who is presented as being proud, conceited, and superficial. This match of these characters in a financial manner is considered, by Austen to be suitable. Mr Knightley says to Emma, Elton knows the value of a good income as well as anybody, Elton may talk sentimentally, but he will act rationally. By marrying Mrs Elton he is gaining a good financial source. She has a brother with a large fortune residing at Maple Grove and thanks to her brothers good fortune she is financially potent.However this is where Jane Austens view on th e match becomes negative. At the ball at Randalls, Mrs Weston suggests that Mr Elton dance with Harriet but he refuses profusely within her err of hearing, his wife who was standing immediately above her, was not only listening similarly, but even boost him by significant glances. This quote shows that Mrs Elton is a poor match for Mr Elton as she encourages him to be cruel to Miss Smith. Indeed through Emmas thoughts later on in the novel, Jane Austen informs us that Mr Elton, was growing actually like her his wife.This implies that Austen believes that a marriage between two people should be a productive one. Not one in which the couple encourage the bad mannerisms in each(prenominal) other. Jane Austen in like manner portrays the foolishness of not taking bullion in to consideration when choosing a partner. Austen shows the reader here that money is not an irrelevant matter in marriage. This thinking is shown through the marriage of Mr Collins and Miss Lucas in Pride an d Prejudice Charlotte Lucas says to Elizabeth Bennet, Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance. This shows the practical side to Austens view of marriage, sometimes marriage must be a practicality and financial gain is an important positionor in making the choice of who to marry. Later on the reader is told that Miss Lucas accepted the proposal she received from Mr Collins, solely from the pure and disinterested desire of an mental institution This shows the logicality behind the acceptance of Mr Collins marriage, without it Miss Lucas, although she would not have to work, would have to look afterwards her parents in their elderly state as a spinster.However we also hear Jane Austens opinion on this matter later on when Mrs Gardiner advises Lizzy, saying, Do not involve yourself, or endeavour to involve him in an affection which for the want of fortune would make so very imprudent. Later in life a woman would rely on her husbands income when her own dowry had run ou t. A man with brusk income had few prospects for a woman and so the match would be unwise and thoughtless. Austen presents the point here that it is difficult for a woman to find the line between marrying purely for financial gain and not being ill-considered and choosing a man without some money to his name.This is contrastable with the marriage of Jane Fairfax and Frank Churchill in Emma. Frank Churchill disregards the fact that Jane has no money, and wishes to marry her nonetheless. This situation is portrayed by Austen through the use of her Cinderella plots. This is a term used when a woman marries above their class, Jane, who is facing the threat of a life of, penance and mortification as a g everywhereness is saved by both the financial and social status of Frank Churchill. In these plots lines the woman is generally shown to be intellectually astute, so as to match up to her husband.Jane is extremely accomplished in symphony and manners as well as having a, an excellent e ducation. Living constantly with right- minded people and well- advised people, her heart and understanding had received every advantage of discipline and culture this infers that Austen approved of this match, despite the fact that money has been disregarded in the relationship. Arranged marriages feature in Austens work. The pay and romance conundrum of these is a point of interest expressed through many of the main protagonists.Austen portrays the belief that money should marry money. The match between Mr Darcy and Miss Anne de Bourgh made only in Lady Catherine de Bourghs mind shows this point of view. Miss Anne de Bourgh is the missy of a noble woman and so in this era should be marrying a rich aristocratical man such as Mr Darcy. Indeed Elizabeth exclaims, She will make him a very proper wife. This is maybe the truth but Austen encourages the reader to view the idea of this match with some irony. Miss de Bourgh is a very quiet young dame, unable to hold a lively convers ation or debate.She is, sickly facial expression and unaccomplished, as stated by her mother when she says, If I had ever learnt to play the piano I would have been a great proficient, so would Anne, had her health allowed it. This description of Miss de Bourgh shows Austen with a low opinion of her. Mr Darcy would never have married the kind of person who matched his social or financial status, unless they matched him in his intellectual dominance as well. This arranged match is contrastable with that of Mr Knightley and Emma Woodhouse in Emma. In this match Austen gives the reader her approval.The couple are shown to compliment each other, Mr Knightley is said to be, one of the few people who could find fault in Emma Woodhouse this shows the idea that although Mr Knightley is not under the view that Emma is perfect, he still likes and admires her greatly. The fact that Emma has a i30, 000 dowry and Mr Knightley is a rich aristocrat also shows the suitability of the match. They are similar in many ways and the fact that Emma doesnt need to marry to secure her future shows that their marriage is purely for love and admiration of one anothers qualities.The gentle nature in which he reproaches her about Miss Bates and how much admiration he shows for her at her remorse is shown in the actions, He took her hand and certainly was on the point of carrying it to his lips and later when he addresses her, Emma, my love I feel that the idea of money marrying money is a strong Austen point. She both agrees and disagrees with the idea. Those who have money and wish to marry someone else with money should also look for equality of mind and standing in order to secure a worthy relationship.The idea of finance being considered whilst a man chooses his wife is also portrayed by Austen in many of her novels. Mr Wickham in Pride and Prejudice is said to have wanted to marry Miss Georgiana Darcy, a young lady with a great fortune behind her name. However when this affection on his behalf is abruptly ended by her brother Mr Fitzwilliam Darcy, Mr Wickham looks for an alternative wife. Settling on Elizabeth Bennett this encourages the idea of Mr Wickham being a male fortune seeker.Having little money of his own it is Mr Wickham who is looking for financial gain through marriage, which Lizzy consequently denies him. Austen disapproves of this idea, perhaps not amazingly so because in Regency England men were supposed to provide for the woman, as apposed to the other way around. This match is comparable to that of Mr and Mrs Elton. Mr Elton first proposes to Emma Woodhouse, a young woman with a thirty thousand pound dowry, when refused he looks for a alternate source of money. When Emma suggests that he might like Harriet, a poor and illegitimate woman with little money to her name.Eventually Mr Elton marries a woman named Augusta Hawkins, a woman with a ten thousand pound dowry. This shows that Mr Elton considered the gain of financial wealth through his cho ice of wife very important in the match. Jane Austen shows many different situations in which finance should affect your choice of who to marry. In many of these situations she frowns upon those who seek money through marriage, Mr Elton and Miss Bingley are fine examples of these people, and the irony with which their characters are portrayed shows the disdain that Austen feels towards them.However Austen also shows the foolishness of not considering finance in a match, pointing out that in later life a woman will be reliant on the wealth of the man that she has chosen to marry and so she should choose carefully. I believe that although Austen would like to frown on those who look for financial support over love she sees the sensibility and logic in doing so. Austen who remained single for all her life shows an insightful view to the problems of finance and romance in the 18t century.

Film Analysis of Helen of Troy Essay

In the film, Helen of Troy one of the main de nonation is Achilles, the demigod warrior, a highly skilled and the strongest champion of Greece which also showed his soft side his kindness, care, love for a woman and hearty love for his cousin, Petraclus. The film really captured my idea of Achilles based on the entertain of Greek mythology. I conceptualize anyone who forget watch attentively in the film will understand and capture the idea of character Achilles. Aside Achilles in that respect are other important characters in the film such as Agamemnon formula of Greece, Menelaus king of Mycenae, Paris prince of Troy, Hector brother of Paris, and Helen the cause of great war. Each character has force outs and weaknesses. Agamemnon was a gallant and aggressive king because of that hundreds of his manpower died and theyre defeated by Trojans, an apparent weakness of him. Agamemnon strength is his men that following all his orders and respected him.Menelaus is just the sa me of Agamemnon, they have the same characteristic and the same strength and weaknesses, in my opinion. Paris weakness is his being coward and unskillful get byer even he was favored by Gods. King Priam a good thinker and always weigh each possibility and ask opinions of council forwards he made a decision but like his son Paris he is not a skilled fighter. Hector one of the son of King Priam unlike Paris he is a skilled fighter a brave and aggressive one but his weakness are his trust and having no mercy that is wherefore Achilles killed him in a battle. Lastly, Helens strength is her irresistible beauty that every man in the kingdom commands to protect her. Helens weakness showed when she was seduced by Paris. The Gods of Greek mythology were actually not seen in the entire film aside from mother of Achilles a minor goddess.Gods wasnt really there in the action but there were times that the characters calling them or praying in the name of Gods. I could say that the film is quite different from the original story. It is more real and less of fantasy that is why Gods were not really in the scene and doesnt play an important role based on the film. The cousin of Achilles namely Patroclus is one of the important character in the story. Achilles really cares to his cousin, he doesnt want Patroclus to fight but because Patroclus really wanted to he disguise as his cousin, Achilles that lead to a fight to Hector who defeated and stab him to termination. Achilles rage in anger, he became totally mad and sad in the death of his high-priced cousin.Achilles doesnt wants to participate anymore in the war because of his quarrel to Agamemnon but because of the death of Patroclus he had decided to fight again against the Trojans. Achilles leads the attack to the kingdom of Troy and his men conquer the troy weight but he was been killed by an arrow thrown by coward prince Paris. One of the most dramatic scenes in the film was the dialogue of king Priam and Achille s over the system of Hector. King Priam bravely went to the tavern of Achilles secretly to interest and beg for the body of his beloved son Hector.He kneeled down and kiss the hand of Achilles while reflection that Im the father of the warrior you have been killed and begging you to please return his body to me. , king Priam was blatant in front of Achilles and pleasing Achilles to return the body. Then after Achilles convinced that he should return the body of Hector to his father king Priam to have a decent burial like what he did to his beloved cousin Patroclus. Achilles kindly let king Priam walk away and ensured their security with the body of Hector and he also let his woman to go with king Priam but he said that nothing will change theyre still enemies.On my own opinion the depiction of characters in the film is confusable to the original story but the whole film is not accurately based on the book or the epic. The film is entertaining but it should not be use to study t he epic of kor because there are some changes and revisions from the original story. The film focus on actions and it depicts reality of war sooner than the fantasy of Greek mythology. However the experienced of watching it is great especially to watch it with other students in the classroom.